The Nobel Laurates of the year 2021 are given below :
The Nobel prizes are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Swedish Academy for the Nobel Prize in Literature, and a Committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) for the Nobel Peace Prize.A person or organization awarded the Nobel Prize is called Nobel Laureate. The word "laureate" refers to being signified by the laurel wreath. In ancient Greece, laurel wreaths were awarded to victors as a sign of honor.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was given the task to select the Laureates in Economic Sciences starting in 1969.In 1968, the Sveriges Riksbank established the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
The Nobel prizes are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the Swedish Academy for the Nobel Prize in Literature, and a Committee of five persons to be elected by the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) for the Nobel Peace Prize.A person or organization awarded the Nobel Prize is called Nobel Laureate. The word "laureate" refers to being signified by the laurel wreath. In ancient Greece, laurel wreaths were awarded to victors as a sign of honor.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was given the task to select the Laureates in Economic Sciences starting in 1969.In 1968, the Sveriges Riksbank established the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel.
Peace
The Nobel Peace Prize 2021 was awarded jointly to Maria Ressa and Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov "for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."
Maria Ressa
Born: 2 October 1963, Manila, Philippines
Prize motivation: "for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."
Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov
Born: 1961, Kuybyshev (now Samara), USSR (now Russia)
Prize motivation: "for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."
Literature
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2021 was awarded to Abdulrazak Gurnah "for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents."
Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 was awarded jointly to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch."
David Julius
Affiliation at the time of the award: University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
Ardem Patapoutian
Affiliation at the time of the award: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 was awarded "for groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex systems" with one half jointly to Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann "for the physical modelling of Earth's climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming" and the other half to Giorgio Parisi "for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales."
Syukuro Manabe
Affiliation: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
Klaus Hasselmann
Affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany
Giorgio Parisi
Affiliation: Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Chemistry
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 was awarded jointly to Benjamin List and David W.C. MacMillan "for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis."
Benjamin List
Affiliation at the time of the award: Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
David W.C. MacMillan
Affiliation at the time of the award: Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
